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The Classical movement, dictated by political coups and uprisings, began in the late 18th century and included a rise in the architectural quality of residences and public spaces built (due to the set-up of the Building School of the Academy of Arts and the Office for Supervision of the Building Industry), though at the expense of local building methods. Kaatarina Church, Stockholm came to be a model for several buildings and churches in the Kingdom _©Arild Vågen These continued to grow in number along with the newly formed grid system of city planning. Cities were designed based on an “ideal” French model, while churches and other structures, designed with drama and extravagance.
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The Baroque period began with the exaltation of professional architecture in their service of designing majestic palaces and churches for societies. Gripsholm Castle, Södermanland shows a mix of medieval elements and renaissance design_©Kungliga Hovstaterna The Renaissance period continued the growth of churches and palaces as the central typology, done in order to exemplify the grandeur of its cities through symmetry and spirituality. Lund Cathedral, Scania is a Romanesque cathedral built in the 11th century_©Kallekn European InfluenceĪs the power and influence of the aristocracy, like the aristocrat Gustave Vasa, spread throughout the continent, the architecture of Sweden saw a reflection of these architectural styles from the rest of Europe. Buildings like this had a simple formwork that reflected order and symmetry and slowly incorporated an increasing amount of Nordic animal ornamentation. Both urban and rural structures were largely made in timber and then stone and brick (due to the initial spread of the European art movements). In the early ages, most buildings (that have survived till date) were of the religious typology as churches and cathedrals, but also included palaces and forts. Various design elements, such as material, building elements, forms, etc., were dictated by practical requirements, climate, resource availability, and function of the space. Swedish architecture started out as other forms of design throughout for pure functionality. Old Town Stockholm, Sweden_ Medieval times But, it has always been translated into a more practical and appropriate style for the Swedish scene, adapting foreign trends to Swedish culture. The architecture of the region has been derived from a variety of other cultures and contexts. The country has seen major regional and cultural developments, which have directly impacted the design of structures. With its distinct geography and culture, Sweden has led to a unique style of design and characteristic elements. The architecture of Sweden comprises a significant cultural phenomenon in the region.